Leo XIII is dead after twenty-five years. Sixty-two cardinals enter the Sistine Chapel; sixty-one received their red hats from him. In a Kraków cardinal’s pocket lies an emperor’s veto the Holy See has never recognised. Forty-two votes make a pope.
Absent: Michelangelo (Pietro Geremia) Celesia OSB, Archbishop of Palermo; Patrick Francis Moran, Archbishop of Sydney. Agostino Riboldi, sometimes copied into online rosters, had died in 1902 and is correctly excluded.
· all sixty-two participating electors are playable Enter a seed to replay the same conclave.
The aggregate scrutinies, roster and central events follow contemporary and near-contemporary records. Individual simulated votes and most affinities are modelling choices, not claims about secret historical ballots.